http://www.nationalpost.com/news/world/story.html?id=2156728
'Jungle girl' gives voice to oppressed
Zoya Phan is the face of the Karen people
Zoya Phan may be destined to become as famous as Burma's detained opposition leader, Aung San Suu Kyi.
The tiny, soft-spoken refugee is rapidly becoming the best known spokeswoman for the Karen people, Burma's second-largest ethnic group.
The author of a best-selling autobiography, Little Daughter, she has been a guest speaker at British political conventions and is a regular panelist on news shows, where she calls for international pressure to topple a military dictatorship that has ruled Burma since 1962.
Journalists and book reviewers describe Ms. Phan, 28, as "an icon of a suffering land" and "the voice of an enslaved nation."
This week she is touring Canada as the guest of Montrealbased Rights & Democracy.
Like Ms. Suu Kyi, the daughter of Burmese independence hero Aung San, Ms. Phan is the daughter of freedom fighters. Her father, Padoh Mahn Sha Lah Phan, was secretary general of the Karen National Union, before he was assassinated last year at his home in a refugee camp inside Thailand.
"He was my hero, my leader," she says.
"He was humble, a man of principle, committed to human rights and democracy. He was killed because they feared him and what he stood for."
Her mother, a gentle woman who constantly "adopted" needy children, was a former guerrilla who told her children she once killed and skinned a python to feed her platoon.
For most of her childhood Ms. Phan lived an idyllic life in bamboo huts by the banks of the Moei River.
"I was a jungle girl," she says.
Life was simple but harsh. The closest medical clinic was kilometres away and she foraged for food in the forest with her brothers and sister to supplement a diet of rice and fish paste.
But danger lurked in the shadows.
In her book Ms. Phan describes the day she discovered the bloated corpse of a slave labourer floating in the river. A Karen tribesman, forced to act as a porter for the Burmese Army, had been beaten till his back was shredded and thrown into the water.
When she was 14, the war that had raged between the Burmese Army and Karen nationalist guerrillas since 1947 finally caught up to her. Soldiers attacked her village, torched its houses and destroyed crops.
She ran for her life as mortar shells crashed nearby, then spent two years hiding in the jungle with thousands of other displaced people.
Ultimately, they ended up in a refugee camp inside Thailand.
"The camps are like prisons," she says. The Karen are not allowed to leave, to work or to farm. There is little education and food is rationed.
Ms. Phan won a scholarship from a foreign aid agency and went to university in Bangkok and later to the University of East Anglia in Britain.
"I am very lucky," she says. "Many of my friends in Burma and in neighbouring countries have had to work as prostitutes in the sex industries."
After her mother died, and she and her father escaped two separate assassination attempts, she fled to Britain, where she claimed political asylum.
"It was a big shock," she says. "A girl from the jungle stepped into the big city. It was a cultural shock, a language problem, a technology shock. I didn't even know how to use a kettle."
The change had benefits. Ms Phan learned more about Burma.
"Under the military dictatorship the practice was to divide and rule," she says. "The state owns and operates all the news media, and the people of Burma know very little of what is going on in their own country."
"It sounds strange, but I knew almost nothing about Aung San Suu Kyi," she says. "I had heard about her and seen her picture but I didn't know who she really was."
Now, Ms Suu Kyi is her hero. "She's a role model not just for women, but for the people of Burma," she says. "The strongest army in southeast Asia is afraid of her because she represents freedom; freedom of fear; freedom from ethnic cleansing; freedom from rape as a weapon of war ..."
While attending a Free Burma demonstration outside the Burmese embassy three years ago in London, Ms. Phan, dressed in traditional Karen costume, was plucked from the audience to give a speech.
Her eloquence endeared her to the news media and she became an overnight sensation.
She met Gordon Brown, the British Prime Minister, and addressed the British Conservative party's annual conference in 2006 and 2007.
In the absence of Ms. Suu Kyi, who has been under house arrest for 14 years, she has become the voice of Burma's opposition movement.
But she says, "I just see myself as a refugee and I just want to go home. I want to see peace in my homeland."
pgoodspeed@nationalpost.com
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EBSCOhost: The jungle girl fighting for justice
Section: Features
The jungle girl fighting for justice
Little Daughter by Zoya Phan Simon & Schuster £ 15.99. £14.40 inc p& p (0845 155 0713). .. . .
Anyone feeling a little cheesed off by life in these recessionary times should read Zoya Phan's memoir and thank their lucky stars.
Without a scrap of self-pity and with a fair dollop of humour, 28-year-old Phan describes a life mostly spent running for cover. Even now, in the relative safety of London, she lives in fear of a gunman stepping out of the shadows to assassinate her. Her crime? Daring to speak out about the censorship, torture, murder and starvation in her native Burma.
This makes Little Daughter sound like a grim, if worthy, read. In fact, it is a joyful one. The early part is like a fairy tale as she describes the enchanted forest life of the Karen people, the ethnic group to which she belongs. They are animists, which means they believe every river, stone and animal has a precious soul. Before cutting down a tree, for instance, it is only polite to ask its forgiveness. Children are given names such as Collective Love Flower and Mr Happy.
Zoya's childhood sounds idyllic. She runs to school in shorts and flip-flops, looks after the chickens and forages for fungi in the nearby forest. Only gradually does she realise the threat the whole community is living under. Gunfire can be heard in the distance, young men return to the village with missing limbs, and a corpse turns up in the river, bearing obvious signs of torture. Little by little, Zoya's father explains that the Burmese generals who run the country are committed to wiping out any traces of democratic dissent. Not only do they refuse to recognise the claims of the Karen people for autonomy, they are determined to eliminate them: ethnic cleansing on a massive scale.
With life in the forest no longer safe, Zoya's mother gathers up the family and heads for a refugee camp on the border with Thailand. The account of how the little group survived guerrilla attacks, landmines and bombing raids is harrowing: for every family that makes it, another falls prey to the advancing Burmese army. For the unlucky ones, there will be rape, torture and murder. For the others there will be life in a vast refugee settlement to which the UN is unable to send aid. Death by starvation and malaria is almost inevitable.
The real hero of Little Daughter is Zoya's adored father. Handsome, edu-cateand passionate, Padoh Mahn Sha is a leader in the Karen resistance. He is seldom with his family, instead flitting like a glamorous shadow in and out of their lives. The teenage Zoya longs to be like him as he gives Press conferences to the world's media on the civil rights abuses that blight Burma, and she vows that one day she will carry on the family tradition of speaking out against injustice.
Little Daughter is not the most stylishly written book. At times the writing can descend into cliche, and anyone with a detailed knowledge of Burma's history would probably want to paint a more complex picture of life inside Burma's democracy movement. But Zoya's story is never less than fascinating.
In early 2008 her father was assassinated by the Burmese government. By this time she had escaped to Britain and, after years in limbo as a stateless person, she is now able to work for Burma Campaign UK. She appears regularly on television to speak on human rights in Burma, or Myanmar as the regime calls it, and is regularly consulted by the likes of Gordon Brown. For a girl who once ran around the jungle in shorts with her friends Mr Happy and Collective Love Flower, it has been an extraordinary journey.
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By Kathryn Hughes
